Although some of his supporters tried to dissuade him from undertaking the journey, he convened a council in January 1035 and had the assembled Norman magnates swear fealty to William as his heir[2][15] before leaving for Jerusalem. Interaction between father and son, nevertheless, remained problematic right up until William's passing. Rebecca, baptized 1615, married Thomas Perry May 28, 1650. Return to Newport County RIGenWeb Home Page. Tostig went into exile in Flanders, along with his wife Judith, who was the daughter of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders. [30], William's next efforts were against Guy of Burgundy, who retreated to his castle at Brionne, which William besieged. If John Tebbel is correct in his book "Turning The World Upside Down",
For the second ruler of Normandy, see. Gray Family History. Although Alexander did give papal approval to the conquest after it succeeded, no other source claims papal support prior to the invasion. VCG Wilson/Corbis via Getty Images. It is to be presumed
of King Edward, her son the young Prince Consort, and her son Lord Gray,
[119] The king was at Gloucester for Christmas 1080 and at Winchester for Whitsun in 1081, ceremonially wearing his crown on both occasions. It
He was crowned the Duke in 1035 and over the years made himself the mightiest noble in France, later seizing the English throne in 1066. in the United States. [7][c], William was born in 1027 or 1028 at Falaise, Duchy of Normandy, most likely towards the end of 1028. The tomb has been disturbed several times since 1087, the first time in 1522 when the grave was opened on orders from the papacy. Bellme's overlord was the king of France, but Domfront was under the overlordship of Geoffrey Martel and Duke William was Alenon's overlord. Some of the native abbots were also deposed, both at the council held near Easter and at a further one near Whitsun. Gray was one of William the Conquerors companions in arms at the battle
Lord John and Lord Thomas Gray. Burkes Peerage says: "The family of Gray is of great antiquity
if you have any questions, please e-mail Rodney Gray at "wyarg 'at' juno dot com". Gray who was slain at the second battle of St. Albans, 1461. Known as 'William the Bastard' to his contemporaries, his illegitimacy shaped his career when he was young. Although William of Jumiges's claim that the ducal fleet numbered 3,000 ships is clearly an exaggeration, it was probably large and mostly built from scratch. in and about London. The historian Frank Barlow points out that William had suffered from his uncle Mauger's ambitions while young and thus would not have countenanced creating another such situation. [29] Although the Battle of Val-s-Dunes marked a turning point in William's control of the duchy, it was not the end of his struggle to gain the upper hand over the nobility. de Gray, (III) John from whom the most illustrious branches of the house
William was crowned King of England on December 25, 1066. Henry de Gray had several sons; (I) Robert of Rotherfield, (II) Richard
Robert and Pardon who left a record for all to see. Medieval writers criticised William for his greed and cruelty, but his personal piety was universally praised by contemporaries. He was of Viking extraction. [78] William of Poitiers also relates that the duke obtained the consent of Pope Alexander II for the invasion, along with a papal banner. William the Conqueror after Hastings, image extracted from Poems for Christmas, Easter, and New Year's, 1885, on Wikimedia Commons. The thigh bone currently in the tomb is assumed to be the one that was reburied in 1642, but the Victorian historian, Lewis "Breteuil, Roger de, earl of Hereford", Danish king had brought a large fleet to England, Norman conquest of England Consequences, "Edward (St Edward; known as Edward the Confessor) (1003x51066)", "William I (known as William the Conqueror)", "Breteuil, Roger de, earl of Hereford (fl. [i] The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s,[43][j] possibly unsanctioned by the pope. [112], The exact reason for the rebellion is unclear, but it was launched at the wedding of Ralph to a relative of Roger, held at Exning in Suffolk. It is believed that John Gray of Stapleford Tawney descended from the
William I (c. 1028 - 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman monarch of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087.A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. [58], The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in the "D" version, states that William visited England in the later part of 1051, perhaps to secure confirmation of the succession,[59] or perhaps William was attempting to secure aid for his troubles in Normandy. William was able to secure the departure of Sweyn and his fleet in 1070,[103] allowing him to return to the continent to deal with troubles in Maine, where the town of Le Mans had revolted in 1069. Born in France, William was an illegitimate child of Robert I . by purchase from the Indians. worldwide traders. Rolf, Rollo or Raoul (son of Rognwald, Jarl of Mori in Norway) invaded
Owain received 10,000 marks (L6,666) ransom for him. When he died in June, 1681, he left the largest estate
The Gray family in America is numerous, widespread and consists of many
During the Bretons' flight, rumours swept through the Norman forces that the duke had been killed, but William succeeded in rallying his troops. of the duke of Suffolk, with Mary, daughter of Henry VII and the sister
issue has continued in Scotland." The English dead, who included some of Harold's brothers and his housecarls, were left on the battlefield. Although this was William's first defeat in battle, it did little to change things. 1. Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip. Emma went into exile in Flanders until Harthacnut became king following Harold's death in 1040, and his half-brother Edward followed Harthacnut to England; Edward was proclaimed king after Harthacnut's death in June 1042. [80], Tostig Godwinson and Harald Hardrada invaded Northumbria in September 1066 and defeated the local forces under Morcar and Edwin at the Battle of Fulford near York. left Tiverton to settle all across the country. William responded swiftly, ignoring a continental revolt in Maine, and symbolically wore his crown in the ruins of York on Christmas Day 1069. Before this, William had returned to the continent, where Ralph had continued the rebellion from Brittany. Edgar, having lost much of his support, fled to Scotland,[98] where King Malcolm III was married to Edgar's sister Margaret. [2], While William was in Normandy, a former ally, Eustace, the Count of Boulogne, invaded at Dover but was repulsed. The chronicler Orderic Vitalis states that Edwin's reason for revolting was that the proposed marriage between himself and one of William's daughters had not taken place, but another reason probably included the increasing power of fitzOsbern in Herefordshire, which affected Edwin's power within his own earldom. They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 5 daughters. in Harrow-on-the-Hill church records there is a John Gray baptized February
[93] These captures secured William's rear areas and also his line of retreat to Normandy, if that was needed. [5], Danish raids on England continued, and thelred sought help from Richard, taking refuge in Normandy in 1013 when King Swein I of Denmark drove thelred and his family from England. According to Nesbits Heraldry: "In an old manuscript of Arms
[71], Harold was crowned on 6 January 1066 in Edward's new Norman-style Westminster Abbey, although some controversy surrounds who performed the ceremony. This method of organising the military forces was a departure from the pre-Conquest English practice of basing military service on territorial units such as the hide. [123], Maine continued to be difficult, with a rebellion by Hubert de Beaumont-au-Maine, probably in 1084. [99] Waltheof, who had joined the revolt, submitted, along with Gospatric, and both were allowed to retain their lands. William of Jumiges claimed that Harold was killed by the duke. It appears that the Gray family was from Harwich, Essex, as a John and
By 1509 an Edward Grey was one of only three remaining powerful
Pardon was a grandson of Edward of Tiverton add very active in town government
Included among them were Robert of Belleme, William de Breteuil, and Roger, the son of Richard fitzGilbert. [2] Even after the younger William's death in 1100 and the succession of his youngest brother Henry as king, Normandy and England remained contested between the brothers until Robert's capture by Henry at the Battle of Tinchebray in 1106. Sam is supposed to be buried at the old Granery Burying Ground near
He enjoyed excellent health until old age, although he became quite fat in later life. By the end of 1081, William was back on the continent, dealing with disturbances in Maine. From there, he ravaged the interior and waited for Harold's return from the north, refusing to venture far from the sea, his line of communication with Normandy. The name Gray is of local origin, or, it follows the name of a place
[100] In 1070 William also founded Battle Abbey, a new monastery at the site of the Battle of Hastings, partly as a penance for the deaths in the battle and partly as a memorial to the dead. William was unhorsed by Robert and was only saved from death by an Englishman, Toki son of Wigod, who was himself killed. Parish Registers of Stapleford Tawney, Essex Co., England, as printed at
It resulted in a work now known as the Domesday Book. Lordships. . Next, he led his forces around the south and west of London, burning along the way. as
[65] William's western border was thus secured, but his border with Brittany remained insecure. [2] He also relied on the clergy for advice, including Lanfranc, a non-Norman who rose to become one of William's prominent ecclesiastical advisors in the late 1040s and remained so throughout the 1050s and 1060s. Although the chronicler William of Poitiers claimed that Edward's succession was due to Duke William's efforts, this is highly unlikely, as William was at that time practically powerless in his own duchy. [2] William assumed power in Normandy, and shortly after the battle promulgated the Truce of God throughout his duchy, in an effort to limit warfare and violence by restricting the days of the year on which fighting was permitted. changed to DeGray and then to Gray. [33] Geoffrey attempted to expand his authority into the county of Maine, especially after the death of Hugh IV of Maine in 1051. Aug 29, 2018. man shot, but the first to die at the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770. [3] Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy. There are those like Captain
As William is an 11th generation descendant of Charlemagne (747-814), the people below also descend from . Most years saw the rate of two shillings per hide, but in crises, it could be increased to as much as six shillings per hide. in the Reign of William the Conqueror, are the Amoreal bearings of Paganus
After waiting a short while, William secured Dover, parts of Kent, and Canterbury, while also sending a force to capture Winchester, where the royal treasury was. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. baptized November 25, 1610, buried January 20, 1621. [85] Although the numbers on each side were about equal, William had both cavalry and infantry, including many archers, while Harold had only foot soldiers and few, if any, archers. [144] The historian Eleanor Searle describes William's invasion as "a plan that no ruler but a Scandinavian would have considered". There is no record of the reason from the Council, and the main evidence is from Orderic Vitalis. Robert also married his half-sister Bertha to King Philip I of France, who was opposed to Norman power. William I ruled England from 1066 until his death in 1087. William I[a] (c.1028[1] 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard,[2][b] was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. remained in the hands of the Grey family until the Marcher Lords were abolished
William I, byname William the Conqueror or William the Bastard or William of Normandy, French Guillaume le Conqurant or Guillaume le Btard or Guillaume de Normandie, (born c. 1028, Falaise, Normandy [France]died September 9, 1087, Rouen), duke of Normandy (as William II) from 1035 and king of England (as William I) from 1066, one of the greatest soldiers and rulers of the Middle Ages . The youngest son, Henry, received money. of Pennsylvania and the early settlers of Virginia and other southern states. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle states that it was a military campaign, but Welsh sources record it as a pilgrimage to St Davids in honour of Saint David. At first, Alan of Brittany had custody of the duke, but when Alan died in either late 1039 or October 1040, Gilbert of Brionne took charge of William. This tomb was again destroyed during the French Revolution but was eventually replaced with the current ledger stone. Mary was the widow of King Louis XII of France, who had
But William was not finished; he marched over the Pennines during the winter and defeated the remaining rebels at Shrewsbury before building Chester and Stafford Castles. of this family were for centuries seated in Westminster and in other sections
A further indignity occurred when the corpse was lowered into the tomb. John, baptized 1612. In England and Ireland Grey is still used, in Scotland
Within the first century, between 1620 and 1720, research indicates that
Clarke in the "Clarkes Genealogies" quotes from the The
[51] Examination of William's femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5feet 10inches (1.78m) in height. [2] She later married Herluin de Conteville, with whom she had two sons Odo of Bayeux and Count Robert of Mortain and a daughter whose name is unknown. The lack of Norman response appears to have caused the Northumbrians to grow restive, and in the spring of 1080 they rebelled against the rule of Walcher, the Bishop of Durham and Earl of Northumbria. Another consequence of William's invasion was the sundering of the formerly close ties between England and Scandinavia. Norman coins had a much lower silver content, were often of poor artistic quality, and were rarely re-minted. The story of her pure and beautiful
[2], There is no evidence of any illegitimate children born to William. near the throne. Chillingham, England, Motto, Anchor Fast Anchor. [73], Harold's brother Tostig made probing attacks along the southern coast of England in May 1066, landing at the Isle of Wight using a fleet supplied by Baldwin of Flanders. in Northumberland. Andy Rhind-Tutt claims to have traced his family back to the Saxon . William I, the first Norman King of England, ascended to the throne in 1066 shortly after the death of his second cousin, Edward the Confessor. Perhaps another stipulation of the treaty was the expulsion of Edgar the theling from Malcolm's court. This could have been either the
accession of James I, 1603. Andrew Morton Carr Descendant of the right-hand general Ker of William the Conqueror. and enlisted the sympathies of the world. His reign in England was marked by the construction of castles, settling a new Norman nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English clergy. and Maine. So William had three kids we care about: William II, Henry I and Adela. The information that follows was researched and kindly provided by Rodney
Sometimes deputies were appointed to deal with specific issues. [119] William departed Normandy in July 1080,[120] and in the autumn his son Robert was sent on a campaign against the Scots. English coins were generally of high silver content, with high artistic standards, and were required to be re-minted every three years. From this his family assumed the name of DeCroy, which was later
in time of war and helped build it in peacetime. He was not known as a patron of authors, and there is little evidence that he sponsored scholarships or other intellectual activities. Hubert was besieged in his castle at Sainte-Suzanne by William's forces for at least two years, but he eventually made his peace with the king and was restored to favour. This altercation was one
Born around 1028, William was the illegitimate son of Duke Robert I of Normandy, and Herleve (also known as Arlette), daughter of a tanner in Falaise. Orderic Vitalis later recorded that Odo had aspirations to become pope. [135] Coinage across his domains continued to be minted in different cycles and styles. Most of the lands of the New Forest are poor agricultural lands, and archaeological and geographic studies have shown that it was likely sparsely settled when it was turned into a royal forest. The Dorset Grays are of great antiquity,
Gray instead of Grey is almost universally used in the different branches
[45] Papal sanction of the marriage appears to have required the founding of two monasteries in Caen one by William and one by Matilda. [t] When in Normandy, William acknowledged that he owed fealty to the French king, but in England no such acknowledgement was made further evidence that the various parts of William's lands were considered separate. Although English and Norman forces remained on alert throughout 1085 and into 1086, the invasion threat was ended by Cnut's death in July 1086. William also benefited from his campaign in Brittany by securing the support of some Breton nobles who went on to support the invasion of England in 1066. King Harold received word of their invasion and marched north, defeating the invaders and killing Tostig and Hardrada on 25 September at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Norwich was besieged and surrendered, with the garrison allowed to go to Brittany. Roger was unable to leave his stronghold in Herefordshire because of efforts by Wulfstan, the Bishop of Worcester, and thelwig, the Abbot of Evesham. John, Lord of Gray, whose son Anschetil de
[87] The available sources are more confused about events in the afternoon, but it appears that the decisive event was Harold's death, about which differing stories are told. Six of the names in the John Gray
a royal commission set up by William in 1085-86), as lord of many manors
Another concern was the death of Count Baldwin VI of Flanders in July 1070, which led to a succession crisis as his widow, Richilde, was ruling for their two young sons, Arnulf and Baldwin. Central to the control of Maine were the holdings of the Bellme family, who held Bellme on the border of Maine and Normandy, as well as the fortresses at Alenon and Domfront. The Danes then raided along the coast before returning home. There were apparently no Grays on the Mayflower. Gray, had become proprietors of the island of Nantasket in Boston Harbor
They served their country
William the Conqueror; Issue Detail: Robert II, Duke of Normandy Richard Adeliza Cecilia William II, King of England Constance, Duchess of Brittany Adela, Countess of Blois Henry I, King of England . They were among the Pilgrims of New England, the Quakers
[2] Although he put two Normans in overall charge, he retained many of the native English sheriffs. Joshua,
The soldier
Gytha Thorkelsdttir, Harold's mother, offered the victorious duke the weight of her son's body in gold for its custody, but her offer was refused. Prescott Sheldon Bush (1895-1972), US Senator. Alfred returned to England in 1036 to visit his mother and perhaps to challenge Harold as king. Orderic also related that Odo had attempted to persuade some of William's vassals to join Odo in an invasion of southern Italy. [113] Ralph's authority seems also to have been less than his predecessors in the earldom, and this was likely the cause of his involvement in the revolt. [9] Herleva was possibly a member of the ducal household, but did not marry Robert. The name was originally Croy. Edgar was proclaimed king by his supporters. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle. afterward queen of Edward IV; Thomas Grey, created Marquis of Dorset in
This was an advantage for William, as it was the only universal tax collected by western European rulers during this period. A Marcher Lordship passed from an Owain to son-in-law John Charleton. By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy was secure. On the death
He Was Illegitimate. It was during this exile that Edward offered the throne to William. Earl of Kent, Chief of the ancient and illustrious house of Gray, so dignified
[6], After Cnut's death in 1035, the English throne fell to Harold Harefoot, his son by his first wife, while Harthacnut, his son by Emma, became king in Denmark.
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